Machine for making safety-pins



(No Model.)v

3 4Sheets-'Sheet l.- J. JENKINS.

MACHINE FOR MAKING SAFETY PINS.

Patented Seg @14, 1886.,

i lillllllliIIIIHIIHIlHMUIHHH!!!HHNIHHIIHI INNUIIIHIIHHIIIIlllllllilllllllllllllllIlI?IUHIIIl No. 349,226.v

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. JENKINS.

MAGHINE FONv MAKING SAFETY PINS. No. 349,226. Patented Sept. 14, 1886.

Il HI MIHHIHII 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

J. JENKINS. MACHINE FOR MAKING SAFETY PINS..

Patented Sept. 14, 1886.

iJNrr-nn STATE-s i PATENT OFFICE.

JOEL JENKI-NS, OF MONTCLAIR, NFV JERSEY.

MACHINE Foa MAKING SAFETY-PINS.

d .PEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,226, dated September 14, 1886.

Application filed November QT, 1885. Renewed July 27, 1886. Serial No. 209,210.

(No model.)

T0 all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OEL J ENKINs, of Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for the Manufacture of Safety-Pins; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

My invention relates to machines .for the manufacture of safety-pins, and has for its object to form and fasten the cap automatically upon the end of the wire forming the pin, the wire having previously been bent to receive said cap.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front view of the machine which I have invented to accomplish this object; Fig. 2, a section in line fr x of Fig. 1, Fig. 3, a top View of the machine; Fig. 4, an enlarged side View of the cap feeding wheel; Fig. 5, a central section inline g/ v/ of Figa; Fig, 6, adetaehed plan of that portion of the conveying-shafts in which the grooves are cut transversely; Fig. 7, a detached view, in perspective, of one of the caps to be affixed to the pin-blank; Fig. S, an enlarged detached sectional view of t-he retaining-finger in position on the wire blank; Fig. 9, an enlarged detached view, in perspec tive, of the mandrel in position to re-euforce and support the bend in the wire blank; Fig. 10, au enlarged elevation of the upper end of the bar carrying the mandrel, illustrating its pivotal connection to the punch-bar; Figs. 11 and 12, enlarged sectional Views illustrating the operation of the punch forming the cap,

- and which forces it into the radial capcarrying plate of the feed-wheel. Fig. 13 illustrates a modification in the mode of deliveringt-he caps to the wheel; Fig. 14 a transverse section illustrating in detail the device for lifting the wire blanks from the transverse groovesA inthe conveying-shafts when said grooves are made to completely encircle the shafts, Fig. 15 being a plan View thereof.

A A representthe two parallel s'pirallygroovcd rotating conveying-shafts common to pin-making machines of this class, and

whose function it is to carry the blanks or bits of wire to form the pins forward through the machine. These shafts are geared to rotate in unison, but their bearings and gear-wheels are not shown in the drawings. The spiral grooves a a thereon are Wide enough to permit the blanks or bits of Wire to lie therein at a right angle to the length of the shafts.

To arrest the movement of the Wire blanksmomentarily at any given point without arresting the continuous rotation of the shafts, I carry the grooves, which are elsewhere spiral, each at said point at a right angle to the length of the shaft, as shown at a', Figs. 3 and A 6. If the speed of rotation of the shaft is so great as that sufficient timewill not be allowed for the required movements of the mechanism to accomplish the desired result upon the end of the wire blank within the time required for one rotation of the shaft, I 7o carry this transverse portion of the groove entirely around the shaft, as shown at ai a2, in Figs. 13 and 14, so that the blank shall remain therein stationary until lifted out by auxiliary devices, as will be hereinafter more fully explained. Otherwise the transverse groove (1.', diverging from the spiraldirection at one end, passes again into a spiral at the other before it has fully encircled the shaft, as shown in Figs. 3 and (3, so that the wire blank b, momentarily arrested in said transverse groove u upon each shaft, shall be made to move forward therefrom before the shafts have made a complete revolution. The wire pin-blanks I)v b are pointed in the usual manner, and are bent at one end, as shown in Fig. 3 ofthe drawings, before reaching my iinproved mechanism for capping them.

The devices for pointingand bending the blanks are well known in the art, and need not therefore be particularly described. The use of a transverse groove, a or a2, in connection with the spiral groove a upon each shaft, may, however, be advantageously employed in connection with the bending mechanism for the purpose of arresting the movement of the blank during the operation thereof. The pinblanks b b, pointed at one end and bent at the other, (see Fig. 3,) are arrested as they are fed forward in the spiral grooves a ofthe two shafts rco by passing into the transverse portions a.' a of the grooves formed innnediately in iine with an anvil-plate, B, (see Fig. 3,) over which the bent end of the blank is carried and arrested. At the instant the forward movement of one of the blanks b is thus arrested and its bent end rests over the anvil-plate B a retaining-finger, (l, (see Figs. land 8.) drops upon the blank j ust within its bend to hold itfast, while amandrel. D, is carried simultaneously within the bend (see Figs. 2 and Si) to till up the Space included therein, the thickness of the mandrel being equal to that of the wire. The movements ot' the retainingtinger C and ot' the mand rel D are derived from the cam-wheel E upon a` shaft, M'. mounted in the frame ot' the niachine parallel with the conveying-shafts A A and above the main driving-shaft M. The finger C is formed upon the end ot' a bar, c. fitted to reciprocate vertically in ways on a bracket or standard, c2, (see Fig. Vt.) at one side ofthe lineot' movement of the mandrel D. This bar c is actuated by an arm, c, upon a rock-shaft, c, extending back and into line with the cam-wheel E, and whose opposite end is fitted with an arm. c, at right angles to the arm ci", which terminates with a friction-roller, c, to bear against a cam-surface, ci, upon the faee ofthe wheel F, as shown in Fig. l. The cam e7 is so adjusted as that once in each revolution ofthe wheel E the arm c is thrown out from the face ofthe wheel, thereby prol'lueing an oscillation of the shaft c", and by means of the arm c a movement ol' the bar 0* to carry the finger C down upon the wire. The eamsurface c7 is s0 proportioned in llength as that it will cause the finger C to bear upon the wire blank until a cap (see Fig. 7) has been placed and seeured thereon, as hereinafter described, whereupon the arm ci and shaft e* are thrown back and the finger C lifted by means ol' a` spring, F. (See dotted lines, Fig. ll.)

To cause the mandrel D to enter the bend of the wire blank in a horizontal direction simultaneously with the vertical descent of the finger C, themandrel is fitted upon the end of an arm, D', (see Figs. 2 and 9,) pivoted at its upper end upon apin, D2, (see Figs. l and and 10,) projecting from the upper end ot' a reciprocating punch-bar, G, mounted to play vertically within a tubular bracket, G', immediately over the anvil and in line with the bent end ot' the wire blank plaeed over it. The pi n D projects through a slot in the side ot' the standard G and through. a block, D, (see Fig. 1t) and dotted lines, Fig. 2,) fitted to play in a direction coincident with the play of the bar G- within a rectangular slot in an entarged head, D, formed upon the arm, said block being` upheld in the upper portion. ofthe slot by means of a spring, e, fitted under it within the slot. The arm D, extending horizontally from its slotted and pivoted head, is bent first downward at the side ofthe bracket for a short distance, and then with a double curve out to the front, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, so that the mandrel D upon its lower end will, as the arm swings upon its pivot ati D?, vibrate in and out undertheendof thepunchbar G, and into and out of the bend of the wire blank supported upon the anvill under said punclrbar. This movement ot' the mandrel, upon the are of a circle having the pivot pin D`L as its center is produced by means of a pin, H, (see Fig. 2.) upon the side ol' a horizontal level', H, pivoted at its frontend to the bracket G, and whose rear end is fitted with a friction-roller, H2, running in a cam-groove, 1'. upon the face of a wheel, Et, upon the same shaft as the wheel 1G. the wheel E/ the lever H is thereby carried once up and down. The lever H intersects the arm D', and its pin 1I is placed at` the point` ol their intersection, so as to project through a diagonal slot, d, in they arm, (see dotted hues, Fig. 2,) whereby the movement ofthe pin H is made to produ( sa vibration otI the arm D in a direction ata rightY angle with that ofthe lever H', causing its lowerend carrying the mandrel D to swing in and out over the anvil. The lower end o1' the vertical bar Gr is fitted with a punch, G, and the upper faccof the anvil is formed to present acountcu part die, so that the opposed faces of the punch and die shall operate upon an interposed cap, V, (sce Fig. 2,)to close and clamp it upon the bent end ofthe wire blank D, upon which theI cap is fitted. lhe bar (i, with its punchv G2, is made to descend upon the blank at the proper moment by means of a centrallypivot'ed lever, G, pivoted upon a stud, G. (see Figs. 2 and 25,) and whose inner arm is fitted with a friction-wheel, Gr', made to bear by means of a spring', e', upon the periphery ot' a cam-wheel, E2, mounted upon the same shaft as the wheel E by its side, and which is provided with a peripheral cam,./', see Fig. 2,) by which the lever Gais tilted at a suitable moment in the revolution of the wheel. ',Ihe outer arin of the lever is pivoted to the upper end of the bar i, so that when the lever is oscillated the bar G will be t'orccd down. its return being effected by the pressure ot' the spring c upon the inner arm ot' said level'.

In the rear of the anvil B a hollow feedwheel, K, is mounted upon a stud-axle, L. projectingfromV the frame. and whose axis is in the same horizontal piane as the anvil, and parallel with the main shaft and conveying shafts A A. Its periphery is made to pass into close proximity to the anvil. (See Fig. 2.) Its rim is of a width exceeding that of the caps. W', (see Fig. 7,)to be fitted upon the pins, and of a depth greater than their length, and it is pierced with a series of transverse radial slots, g g, (see Figs. 4 and 5,) in each ot' which a carrierplate, f/ is fitted to slide freely, the outer end of each plate being notched or recessed to receive and embrace one of the caps '\V. rPhe inner end of each plate terminates in an arm, gt', (see Figs. 4 and 5,) which passes through an opening in an inner concentric plate, 71., and is fitted with a transverse pin, li, which, when the outer end of the plate g is At' cach revolution ol' TOO ITO

IIS

flush with the outer periphery of the rim, is borne against said plate g by means of a coiled spring, Z, interposed between the pin and the inner face of the rim of the wheel. A suitable beari-ng is obtained for the wheel upon the stud-axle L by means of a hub, K, on one side thereof. The inner end of the stud-axle is pierced diametrieally with a horizontal aperture, through which a rod, m, is carried. The inner end of said rod ispmade to bear against the inner end of the arm gt 4of that plate g which is at the time in the same horizontal plane. Its outer endis bent, as shown in Fig. 5, to pass around the rim of the wheel K, and

is extended to reach a cam-wheel, M2, uponv the main shaft Mof the machine (see Fig. 2) and engage by means of a friction-roller, m', upon one side thereof a cam-groove upon the face of said wheel M2, (see dotted lines in Fie. 2,) whereby a positive reciprocating movement of the rod is obtained at each revolution of the wheel. This movement is suiicient to cause the rod m to force the outer ends of the radial plates g, each in turn, out from the rim of the wheel K, over the anvil B, far enough to carry the cap W, fitted in the recess in the end of the plate g2, over the bent end of the 011e wire blank b which may be in position over and upon the anvil to receive it. The feedwheel K is rotated intermittently and moved forward at each strokefar enough toring the radial plates g2 successively into line with the top of the anvil by means of a spring-actuated pawl, N, (see Fig. 2,) upon the side of an oscillating lever, N', projecting from an annular band, N, encircling the rim of the wheel K, or which may be otherwise pivoted upon the axis of the wheel to vibrate thereon. The outer end of the lever N is fitted with a friction-roller, N, to ride upon the periphery of the cam-wheel M2, and is lifted at each revolution of said wheel by `means of a cam, N4, thereon. The pawl-N is made to engage a ratchet, p, encircling the hub'K of the wheel K, (see Figs. 2 and 5,) and whose notches are so proportioned in length as that each movement of the lever N produced by the cam N* will first carry the wheel K forward the length of a notch, and then cause the pawl to drop back to engage the next notch. The number ot'rnotches corresponds with that of the radial. plates gt in the wheel K, so that each movement of the pawlrwill carry one of said radial plates out into line with the anvil. A punch, P, actuated by an eccentric on a shaft, P2, whose axis is parallel with that of the main, drivingshaft M and of the wheels E E, is placed vertically over the axis of the feed-wheel. This punch P is made to reciprocate immediately over the periphery of said wheel in a line with its axis, so as to deliver lthe caps formed thereby each directly into the receptive recess in one of the radial plates g2 of the wheel, one of said plates being carried into line and registry with the punch at each movement of the wheel.

The construction, movement, and operation ot' theV punch and the mode ofV cutting out the blanks and of feeding them thereto do not differ substantially from those of the ordinary devices commonly employed for mak-ing these caps, and,being well known to the art, need not herein be particularly described. The blanks being fed in the customary manner under the punch P, (see Figs. 2 and 11,) are thereby forced into shape in a die placed over the feed wheel and through the die (see Fig. 12) into the recess in the plate g awaiting to receive it. So soonas this is accomplished, the punch is lifted and the wheel K moves forward to carry the cap \V forward and bring another plate g in line to receive a cap from the punch.

Instead of connecting the punch P, by which the cap-blanks are formed into caps \V,(see Fig. 7,) with the machine,to force each cap as it is formed down into one of the cap-carrying plates of the feed-wheel K, the caps W, Fig. 7, may be formed in a separate machine and supplied to the feed-wheel through a delivery-tube iitted with a spring-actuated escapementlever,

VvS, (see Fig. 13,) actuated by a pin on the side of the wheel, so as to deliver a cap to the appropriate plate g2 at each movement of the machine. The shafts M and P2 are geared to the main shaft M by means of cog-wheels T T at one end of the machine, (see Fig. 1 and dottedlines, Fig. 2,) so as to move in unison.

For the purpose of starting the pinblanks forward after a cap has been fitted thereon, in case that portion ai of the teed-grooves upon the carrier-screws which is formed at a right angle to the axis of the screw is made to include its entire circumference, as shown in Figs. 14 and 15, I mount a rock-shaft, O, under the transverse grooves a a? at a right angle to the screw-shafts A A and fit thereon the fingers R R, (see Fig. 14,) to proj ect therefrom up under the blank resting in the grooves, so as to lift the same out of the grooves and throw it slightly forward beyond them into the spiral portion a of the grooves at each oscillation ol' the shaft O. This oscillation of the shaft-is of the spirally-grooved sl'lafts A A, as in the' machines now in use, are each arrested in turn. upon reaching the anvil B by reason of the change in direction of the spiral grooves on the shafts from a direction oblique to the axis of the shaft to one at right angles thereto, as shown at u. in Figs. 3 and 6 of the drawings. At the instant the movement of the wire blank I) is thus arrested with its bent end resting over the anvil B the retaining-finger C drops upon the blank at a point over the outer edge of the anvil, and therebysecures and steadies it. The

anvil is So tar recessed at this point, however, as shown in Fie'. 8, as that the pressure upon tho wire will cause its inner bent end to spring up slightly t'rom the l'aee ol` the anvil, so as to facilitate the insertion ol' a Cap \V upon said end. Simultaneously the mandrel D comlnenoes to move in alongside ot'the wire, and is carried into its bend,and the radial plate g' inthe wheel K, which is in line with the anvil, is pushed outward by means ot' an engagement ot' the inner end ot' the rod m with the canrgroove fmt, (see Fig. 4,)so as to carry the cap \V, held in the end ol' the plate, over and upon the bent end ol' the wire l1, and supported bythe mandrel D inserted therein. So soon as the eap W'has thus been titted upon the wire l), the punch Gi descends upon the cap and bends and clamps its edges tirmly upon the wire to clamp and embrace it closely, the

interior ot' the cap within the bend being kept open by means ot` the mandrel. rlhe instant' thel cap is thus secured to the wirethe mandrel Dis withdrawn t'roln the wire and swings up out ot' the way, the radial carrying-plate g' in the wheel moves back, the linger C is next lit'ted,and tiuallythe punch GL rises and leaves the Gapped pin-blank wholly t'ree. rlhe capA carrying wheel K in the meantime rotates t`a1 enough to carry the empty plate f/ l'orward and bring another cap into line with the anvil, the eap-torming punch l having l'ormed trom. ablank and deposited into the top ol" the wheel another cap \V during the .movement ot' the puneh G2. 3y this timey in the revolution ol' the spirallygrooved shal'ts A A the end ol' the transverse portion (1' olI thegroove has reached the capped pin, so that the wire becomes once more engaged bythe spiral portion u ot' tho groove and is moved thereby and carried l'orward to the eoiling-m:uhine; or, it'the screwshal'ts A Abe provided with cireumlerential grooves (1'I (1,the tingers R R- are brought into play to lit't the capped wire l'orward. (Seo Fig. 1l.) Atl the momenti tho capped blank commences its l'orward movelnent another blank enters the transverse portion n or te ot each groove on the shal'ts, and, being arrested in position, as above described, over the anvil B, is in t'urn automaticallycappedby the moveA ments sety forth.

I am aware that a feeding-screw having a variable pitch and with the spiral groove therein made to assume t'or somewhat less than hall'a turn a direction atV right angles to its axis has been heretol'ore employed iu a nailmachine. and I do not thereten'e claim as new the conveying-shatts in my machine l'ormed each with a spiral thread which is divel'ted l'or a short distance at a right angle to its length; but

l elaim as my inventionl. A spirally-grooved rotating eomevingshall, A, l'ormed with a transverse cireumlerential delaininggroove, (el, completely eucir cling the same to arrest and detain a blank t'ed lorward by means ol` the spiral conveyinggroov'e, in combination with a lil'ting device,

substantially as described, t'or lifting and forwai-ding the blanks l'rom said detainitlg-groove to the conveying-groove, substantially in the manner and l'or the purpose herein sct; t'orth.

2. Thecombination, ina sat'oty-pin machine. ol' two s]irally-groovml rotating conveying shat'ts having a correspon(ling portion ot' the length ot' thc groove in cach diverted at a right angle to the length ot tho shafts, an anvil placed opposite the transverso portion ol' said grooves, a reciprocating retaining-finger adapted. as described, to drop upon a wire pin-blank brought over the anvil by tho conveying-shalts at the moment said blank enters thetransverse length ot'the grooves in said shat'ts, an intermittently-rotating wheel whose axis is atl a right angle to the conveyiug-shal'ts and in the same horixontal planev as the, top ot' the anvil, and whose periphery is in elosc ln'tlximity to the latter, a series ot' cap-carrying plates titted to move radially in openings in the periphery ol' said wheel. a horizontal reciprocating rod moving substantially as described, and operating to t'orce out each radial. plate when it',y is brought; to rest opposite the anvil, a spring to retract each plate when the pressure ol' the rod is removed, a l'eeding device whereby caps are supplied, in manuel' as set t'orth, to the cap-carrying plates in thcwhoel, a reciprocating punch mounted over theI anvily tofdeseend upon the cap upon the end ot' the wire blank and close and clamp they same thereon, and mechanism, substantially as described, l'nfaetuat'ing in sueccssion andintermitt'ently the retaining-tingen feed-wheel, reciprocating rod, and punch, all substantiallyY in the manneI and l'or the plu pose herein set forth.

2%. The combination, in asat'ety-piu machine, with its spirally-grooved eonveying-shal'ts A A, having a correspoluling portion, a, ot' the length ol' the groove, in each diverted ati a right angle to the length ol` the shal'ts, an anvil, 3, opposite said grooves, a retaining-tinger, C, reciprocating intermittently to and l'rom the outer edge ot' t-he anvil in line with the transverse grooves (4, a', a leed-\\'l|eel, K, rotating intermittently at a right angle tothe length ot'the shat'ts A A upon an axis in line with the l'ace ol' the anvil and in a vertical plane passing through the transverse grooves o o', radial capwarryiug plates f/, moving in and outV ol' openings in the rim ot' thel wheel K, having recesses in their outer ends adapted to hold caps XV, made to tit; upon the end ot' the sal'etlypin, a leeding device, l), l'or tol-ming and delivering the caps XV Wv successively to the plates a reciprocating punch, G, mounted over the anvil in lille with the transverse grooves a o in thel eonveying-shatls and with the radial cap-carrying plates in the l'eedwheel, a reeiprm'ating bar, G, actuated substantially as described, carrying said punch, a mandrel, D, adapted, as set l'orth, to swing within the bent end ol' a wire saletv-pin blank brought to resti under the punch G over the anvil, an arm, D, carrying said mandrel and pivoted to the punch-bar G, and a pin projectlIo ing into an oblique slot in said arm from a pivoted lever, HQ made to oscillate, in manner as described, at right angles to the length of the arm, whereby the bent end of the Wire and the cap W fitted thereon receive support at the moment the punch G, carried by the bar G', descends to close and clamp the cap upon the wire, all substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

4. The combination, in a capping-machine for safetypins, ofan anvil, B, punch G, a series of radial cap-carrying plates mounted in the rim of an intermittentlyrotating feedwheel, K, a reciprocating rod, M, for forcing out the radial cap-carrying plates over the anvil at each stop of the wheel K, a feeding device, substantially as described, for supplying the caps to the cap-carrying plates, and meehanism, substantially as described, for moving successively the feed-whee`l K, the reciprocating` rod M, the punch G, and the feeding device, all substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification in the presence ot' twosubscribi ng witnesses.

JOEL JENKINS. lVii'nesses:

JOHN A. ELLTs, A. B. MOORE. 

